概要 翻訳

Psychogenic Mutism more commonly referred to today as Selective Mutism‚ is a complex anxiety-based communication disorder in which an individual who is physically capable of speech becomes unable to speak in specific social situations․ It is not a refusal to speak‚ nor is it caused by defiance‚ stubbornness‚ or lack of intelligence․ Instead‚ it is a deeply rooted anxiety response that inhibits verbal expression in certain environments․ In diagnostic terms‚ Selective Mutism is classified under anxiety disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders‚ Fifth Edition （DSM-5）․ Core Characteristics Individuals with Psychogenic （Selective） Mutism typically˸ Speak normally and comfortably in safe or familiar settings （often at home）․ Experience a consistent inability to speak in specific environments （school‚ work‚ public settings）․ Display heightened social anxiety‚ fear of negative evaluation‚ or performance anxiety․ May use nonverbal communication （gestures‚ nodding‚ writing‚ texting）․ Experience physical anxiety symptoms （freezing‚ muscle tension‚ avoidance of eye contact）․ The mutism is situational‚ not global․

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